Bibliography
  

  Selected Bibliography
  

A bibliography of articles written by Dr. Braden, Dr. Bergstrom and their associates is available. These articles are divided into the following categories:
  

     The reliability and validity of the Braden Scale for Predicting Pressure Sore Risk
  Etiological factors in pressure ulcer development
  Review articles on pressure ulcer prevention, treatment and outcomes
  Articles about the Braden Scale written by others
    
  Reliability and validity of the Braden Scale
 
   

Bergstrom, N., Braden, B., Laguzza, A. & Holman, A. (1987). The Braden Scale for predicting pressure sore risk. Nursing Research. 36(4), 205-210.

Bergstrom, N., Demuth, P.J. & Braden, B. (1987). A clinical trial of the Braden Scale for predicting pressure sore risk. Nursing Clinics of North America. 22(2), 417-418.

Braden, B.J. and Bergstrom, N. (1994). Predictive validity of the Braden Scale for pressure sore risk in a nursing home population. Research in Nursing and Health. 17, 459-470.

Bergstrom, N., Braden, B.J., Kemp, M., Champagne, M., Ruby, E. (1998). Reliability and validity of the Braden Scale: A multi-site study. Nursing Research. 47(5), 261-269.

Bergstrom, N. & Braden, B.J. (2002). Brief report. Predictive validity of the Braden Scale among black and white subjects. Nursing Research, 51(6), 398-403.

Powers, G. C., Zentner, T., Nelson, F. & Bergstrom, N. (2004). Validation of the mobility subscale of the Braden Scale for Predicting Pressure Sore Risk. Nursing Research, 53 (5), 344-346.

     
  Selected Reliability and Validity Articles by Others
 
   

Magnan, M. A., & Maklebust, J. (2009). The effect of web-based braden scale training on the reliability of braden subscale ratings. Journal of Wound, Ostomy & Continence Nursing, 36(1), 51-59.

Magnan, M. S., & Maklebust, J. (2008). The effect of web-based braden scale training on the reliability and precision of braden scale pressure ulcer risk assessments. Journal of Wound, Ostomy & Continence Nursing, 35(2), 199-208.

Maklebust, J., & Magnan, M. A. (2009). A quasi-experimental study to assess the effect of technology-assisted training on correct endorsement of pressure ulcer preventive interventions. Ostomy Wound Management, 55(2), 32-42.

Pancorbo-Hidalgo, Pedro L.; Garcia-Fernandez, Francisco Pedro; Lopez-Medina, Isabel Ma; Alvarez-Nieto, Carmen (2006). Risk assessment scales for pressure ulcer prevention: a systematic review. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 54(1) 94-110

Pang, Samantha Mei-che, Wong, Thomas Kwok-shing. (May/June, 1998). Predicting Pressure Sore Risk With the Norton, Braden, and Waterlow Scales in a Hong Kong Rehabilitation Hospital. Nursing Research. 47(3):147-153, May/June 1998.

  
  Review Articles on Etiology, Prevention and Treatment
 
   

Braden, B. & Bergstrom, N. (1987). A conceptual schema for the study of the etiology of pressure sores. Rehabilitation Nursing. 12(1), 8-12, 16. Reprinted as an outstanding article of the last 25 years.

Braden, B.J. & Bergstrom, N. (1989) Clinical utility of the Braden Scale for predicting pressure sore risk. Decubitus. 2(3), 44-51.

Bergstrom, N. and Braden, B.J. (1992). A prospective study of pressure sore risk among institutionalized elderly. Journal of the American Geriatric Society. 40(8), 747-758.

Oertwich, P. A., Kindschuh, A., & Bergstrom, N. (1995). The effects of small shifts in body weight on blood flow and interface pressure. Research in Nursing and Health, 18, 481-488.

Bergstrom, N., Braden, B.J., Kemp, M., Champagne, M., Ruby, E. (1996). Multi-site study of pressure ulcers and the relationship between risk level, demographic characteristics, diagnoses, and prescription of preventive interventions. Journal of the American Geriatric Society, 44(1), 22-30.

Vyhlidall, S. K., Moxness, D., Bosak, K. S., Van Meter, F. G. & Bergstrom, N. (1997). Mattress replacement or foam overlay? A prospective study on the incidence of pressure ulcers. Applied Nursing Research, 10 (3), 111-120.

Braden, B.J. (1998). The relationship between stress and pressure sore formation. Ostomy/Wound Management. 44(3A), 26S-37S.

  
  Review Articles/Chapters on Pressure Ulcer Prevention, Treatments and Outcomes
  
   

Braden, B.J. & Bergstrom, N. (1989) Clinical utility of the Braden Scale for predicting pressure sore risk. Decubitus. 2(3), 44-51.

Braden, B.J. & Bergstrom, N. (1992). Pressure Reduction. In McClosky, J.C. and Bulechek, G.M. (Eds.). Nursing Interventions: Treatments for Nursing Diagnoses. W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia.

Braden, B.J., Kemp, M.G., Overland, M., Cuddigan, J., Bergman, B. (1992). The Etiology, Prevention and Treatment of Pressure Sores. Advances in Long Term Care. 2, 72-97.

Bergstrom, N. (1997). Strategies for preventing pressure ulcers. Clinics in Geriatric Medicine, 13, 437-454.

Bergstrom, N., Braden, B.J., Boynton, P., Bruch, S. (1995). Using a research-based assessment scale in clinical practice. Nursing Clinics of North America. 30(3), 539-551.

Bergstrom, N. (2005). Patients at risk for pressure ulcers and evidence-based care for pressure ulcer prevention. In D. L. Bader, C.V. C. Bouten D. Colin, & C. W. J. Oomens (eds.), Pressure ulcer research: Current and future perspectives. Berlin, Germany: Springer Verlang.

Braden, B. J. & Blanchard, S. (2007). Risk assessment in pressure ulcer prevention. In D. L. Krasner, G. T. Rodeheaver, & R. G. Sibbald (Eds.), Chronic Wound Care: A Clinical Source Book for Healthcare Professionals (4th ed.). Wayne PA: HMP Communications